The Biden administration has approved California's plan to ban the sale of new gas-powered cars by 2035, setting the stage for a potential clash with President-elect Donald Trump over the future of electric vehicles (EVs) in the United States.

The Environmental Protection Agency's approval of California's waiver allows the state to move forward with its aggressive push for EVs, which could have far-reaching implications for the auto industry nationwide. California accounts for about 11% of the U.S. auto market and is the country's largest EV market, with EVs and hybrids making up nearly 40% of sales in the first half of 2024.

Eleven other states and Washington D.C. have adopted similar rules to California's, requiring automakers to sell an increasing number of zero-emissions vehicles over time. By 2026, at least 35% of new cars, pickup trucks, and SUVs must be electric in California and five other states.

Trump has promised to revoke California's authority to set strict limits on tailpipe pollution if elected. This could lead to a legal battle, as California has historically been granted waivers by the EPA to set its own emissions standards due to its unique air quality challenges.

The auto industry's stance on this issue is mixed. While some automakers support easing emissions regulations, they also want to maintain federal tax incentives that keep EVs affordable. The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, representing most new vehicle manufacturers in the U.S., has asked for a single national standard to reduce carbon emissions in transportation.

Despite potential setbacks under a Trump administration, experts believe the shift to zero-emissions vehicles will continue, albeit potentially at a slower pace. Pressure from regulators in other countries and the desire to remain competitive globally are likely to keep U.S. automakers focused on EV development.

California is already taking steps to "Trump-proof" its EV and climate policies. Governor Gavin Newsom has announced plans to restore rebates for EV buyers if federal tax credits are eliminated, and the state has approved significant investments in EV charging infrastructure.

The outcome of this potential clash between California and the Trump administration could have significant implications for the pace of EV adoption in the United States and the broader fight against climate change. As the auto industry continues to invest heavily in EV technology, the regulatory landscape will play a crucial role in shaping the future of transportation and energy consumption in America.